Geometric Feature Extraction from Urdu Ligatures

ABSTRAC: -This research aims at the extraction of geometric features from Urdu ligatures. Though structural features are robust, its extraction and analysis is exceptionally complex and time-consuming task. The extraction and analysis is uncomplicated in case of the geometric features. Geometric features are language, script and font independent. There are twelve significant geometric features extracted from the ligature images. Specifically, these twelve features are the height, width, aspect ratio, density function, perimeter, area, perimeter to area ratio, horizontal projection profile, vertical projection profile, start point, end point and the slope between start and end point.